「Cambridge IELTS 14」Reading Test2-1『Alexander Henderson (1831-1931)』の単語・フレーズ

「Cambridge IELTS 14」Reading Test2-1『Alexander Henderson (1831-1931)』の単語・フレーズをまとめました。

私がIELTS Readingの単語・まとめを行う理由は「Cambridge IELTS Reading単語・フレーズまとめ」からご覧ください。

Reading Test 2 Passage 1：Alexander Henderson (1831-1931)

• emigrate
  verb​ /ˈem.ɪ.ɡreɪt/
  ​to leave a country permanently and go to live in another one
  (他国へ) 移住する
• landscape photographer
  風景写真家
• landscape
  noun /ˈlænd.skeɪp/
  ・a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance:
  ・a view or picture of the countryside, or the art of making such pictures:
  1 《C》 景色, 風景, 景観
  2 《C》 風景画, 風景写真
  3 《U》 風景画法
  4 《U》 (landscape mode とも) (文書などの) 横長の印刷
  反意 portrait
  5 the political / cultural / social landscape
  政治的［文化的，社会的］状況
• merchant
  noun /ˈmɜː.tʃənt/
  ・a person whose job is to buy and sell products in large amounts, especially by trading with other countries
  ・uk informal disapproving someone who is involved in or enjoys something that is unpleasant or annoying to others
  1 (大量の商品を扱う) 売買業者, 貿易商
  2 〘やや古〙 商人
  3 英 〘インフォーマル〙 (名詞に付けて) …マニア
• chairman
  noun /ˈtʃeə.mən/
  a person in charge of a meeting or organization
  1 会長, 委員長
  2 議長, 司会
• extensive
  adjective /ɪkˈsten.sɪv/ ​
  covering a large area; having a great range
  1 <調査・活動などが> 幅広い, 詳しい
  2 <範囲・経験などが> 幅広い, <使用量などが> 大量の, <被害などが> 甚大な
  3 <土地・庭などが> 広大な
• landholding
  noun​ /ˈlændˌhəʊl.dɪŋ/
  an area of land that someone owns or rents
  1 《U》 土地所有
  2 landholdings 《常に複数形で》 所有地
• acre
  noun /ˈeɪ.kər/
  a unit for measuring area, equal to 4,047 square metres or 4,840 square yards:
  エーカー ((米英で用いる面積の単位．1エーカーは約4,047㎡))
• farmland
  noun /ˈfɑːm.lænd/
  land that is used for or is suitable for farming
  農地, 耕地
• stream
  noun /striːm/
  water that flows naturally along a fixed route formed by a channel cut into rock or ground, usually at ground level
  1 《C》 小川, 流れ
  2 a stream of something
  ＜…＞の流れ, 連続
  3 《C》 (水・空気・煙などの) 流れ
  4 《C》 〘専門〙 ストリーミング ((インターネットでデータをダウンロードしながら映像や5 《C》 英 (学生の) 能力レベル
• outskirts
  noun /ˈaʊt.skɜːts/
  ​the areas that form the edge of a town or city:
  the outskirts 《常に複数形で》 郊外, 町はずれ
  on the outskirts of something
  ＜場所＞の郊外［はずれ］に
• apprenticeship
  noun /əˈpren.tɪs.ʃɪp/
  a period of time working as an apprentice
  見習い（の身分）
• take up
  1 take up something ＜ある空間・場所など＞を占める, とる
  2 take up something ＜時間など＞をとる
  3 take up ↔ something ＜レジャー・趣味など＞を始める
  4 take something ↔ up ＜提案・申し出など＞に応じる
  5 take something ↔ up ＜職・任務など＞に就く
  6 take up something ＜位置＞につく, ＜場所など＞を陣取る
  7 take something ↔ up ＜考え・提案など＞を取り上げる
  8 take something ↔ up ＜中断した話・活動など＞を引き継ぐ, 続ける 同意 pick up
  9 take something ↔ up ＜床・じゅうたんなど＞をはがす
  10 take something ↔ up ＜…＞の丈を詰める, ＜衣服など＞のすそ上げをする
• amateur
  adjective /ˈæm.ə.tər/
  ​taking part in an activity for pleasure, not as a job:
  relating to an activity, especially a sport, where the people taking part do not receive money:
  1 《名の前でのみ》 アマチュアの, 素人の
  2 <技術などが> 未熟な
• flare
  verb /fleər/ ​
  ・to burn brightly either for a short time or not regularly:
  ・(also flare up) When something bad such as violence, pain, or anger flares (up), it suddenly starts or gets much worse:
  ・to (cause to) become wider:
  1 《自》 ぱっと［めらめらと］燃え上がる
  同意 flare up
  2 《自》 <怒りなどが> 激発する, <暴動などが> 勃発（ぼっぱつ） する
  同意 flare up
  3 a) 《他》 <鼻の穴> を膨らませる
  b) 《自》 膨らむ
  4 《I always + adverb/preposition》 <ドレスなどが> 広がる, 広がっている
  同意 flare out
• realism
  realism
  noun /ˈrɪə.lɪ.zəm/
  ・a way of thinking and acting based on facts and what is possible, rather than on hopes for things that are unlikely to happen
  ・science, social science specialized in science and philosophy, the belief that objects continue to exist in the world even when no one is there to see them
  1 リアルさ, 本物らしさ
  2 現実主義 反意 idealism
  3 (Realism とも) (絵画・文学などの) 写実主義, リアリズム → idealism, romanticism
• vary
  verb /ˈveə.ri/
  ・If things of the same type vary, they are different from each other, and if you vary them, you cause them to be different from each other:
  ・to change or cause something to change in amount or level, especially from one occasion to another:
  1 《自》 (同類の物の間で) さまざまである, 異なる
  2 《他》 …に変化をつける
• portraiture
  noun /ˈpɔː.trɪ.tʃə/
  the act or art of making portraits
  肖像画（法）
• pursuit
  noun /pəˈsjuːt/
  an activity that you spend time doing, usually when you are not working
  1 《U》 the pursuit of something
  ＜…＞の追求
  2 《C, U》 追跡
  3 《C通例複数形で》 (スポーツ・趣味などの) 娯楽, 余暇活動
• sail
  verb /seɪl/
  ・When a boat or a ship sails, it travels on the water:
  ・to control a boat that has no engine and is pushed by the wind:
  ・When a ship sails, it starts travelling, and when people sail from a particular place or at a particular time, they start travelling in a ship:
  1 a) 《I always + adverb/preposition》 <人・船が> 航海する
  b) 《他》 <海など> を航海する
  2 a) 《他》 <ボート・船など> を操船［操縦］する
  b) 《自》 操船する
  3 《自》 出航する, 出帆する
  4 《I always + adverb/preposition》 （ヒューッと）飛ぶ
  5 《I always + adverb/preposition》 <人が> すいすい進む
  6 《I always + adverb/preposition》 <人が> さっそうと［堂々と］進む
• woodland
  noun​ /ˈwʊd.lənd/
  land on which many trees grow, or an area of this:
  (woodlands とも 《常に複数形で》) 森林（地帯）, 林地
• sufficient
  adjective /səˈfɪʃ.ənt/
  enough for a particular purpose
  十分な
• depict
  verb /dɪˈpɪkt/
  to represent or show something in a picture or story:
  (著作・絵画などで) …を表現する, 描く, 描写する
• lumber
  noun /ˈlʌm.bər/ ​
  wood that has been prepared for building
  1 《I always + adverb/preposition》 lumber toward / into / up etc. something
  <体の大きな人・動物などが> のそのそ＜…＞の方に行く［に入る，を上がる］
  2 《他常に受け身形で》 get / be lumbered with (doing) something
  英 ＜…＞（すること）を押しつけられる
  3 《自》 米 木を切り出す, 材木業を営む
  4 《I always + adverb/preposition》 lumber along
  <企業などが> 停滞する
• waterfall
  noun /ˈwɔː.tə.fɔːl/
  water, especially from a river or stream, dropping from a higher to a lower point, sometimes from a great height
  滝
• province
  noun /ˈprɒv.ɪns/
  ・one of the areas that a country or empire is divided into as part of the organization of its government, which often has some control over its own laws :
  ・one of the four areas into which Ireland has traditionally been divided
  1 《C》 (Province とも) (行政区分上の) 州, 省, 県
  2 the provinces 《常に複数形で》 地方, 田舎
  3 〘フォーマル〙 得意［専門］分野, 領分, 務め
  同意 domain
  4 (キリスト教会の) 管区
• wilderness
  noun ​ /ˈwɪl.də.nəs/
  ・an area of land that has not been used to grow crops or had towns and roads built on it, especially because it is difficult to live in as a result of its extremely cold or hot weather or bad earth:
  ・an outside area in which plants are left to grow naturally or untidily:
  1 《C》 未開地, 手つかずの土地
  2 《常に単数形で》 荒れ放題の場所
  3 the wilderness (人・政党の) 権力［政権］を失った状態, 失脚
• canoe
  noun /kəˈnuː/
  a small, light, narrow boat, pointed at both ends and moved using a paddle (= a short pole with a flat blade)
  カヌー